In principle, the passive examination should only cover movements that were painful/limited or for which the course of the movement was disrupted in the active movement examination.
It can also be used to assess suspected cases of hypermobility or a minor muscle/tendon injury.
Procedure
- The patient sits on the examination table with the lower legs hanging.
- If necessary, sit on a stool next to the patient.
- During the examination, the patient’s knees should remain in 90° flexion.
Grip:
- For dorsal flexion and [Figure 101] plantar flexion [Figure 102]: One hand stabilises the lower leg distally and the other hand moves the mid-foot.
Figure 101
Figure 102
- For inversion [Figure 103] and eversion [Figure 104]: One hand stabilises the lower leg distally and the other hand moves the calcaneus.
Figure 103
Figure 104
- For pronation [Figure 105] and supination [Figure 106]: One hand stabilises the calcaneus and the other hand moves the mid-foot.
Figure 105
Figure 106
- For flexion and extension of a toe: Depending on the joint to be investigated, stabilise the metatarsal bone or the phalanx with one hand and with the other hand move the bone distally to the stabilised part [Figure 107].
Figure 107
- With this assess once again:
- The course of the movement.
- The maximum range of motion.
- The occurrence of pain.
- Presence or absence of crepitations.