Plaster Splint – Forearm/Hand


This splint only prevents flexion/extension and ulnar/radial abduction of the wrist.


Material

  • Stockinette; select the appropriate size.
  • Synthetic wadding.
  • Plaster rolls; select the appropriate width; it should be wide enough to form half a cylinder. Remove the plaster rolls from the packaging.
  • Absorbent bandage, to fix the plaster.
  • Crepe bandage or cambric bandage to finish off, if necessary.
  • Bandage scissors.
  • Bandage hook fasteners or plasters.
  • Sling or collar’n’cuff.


Procedure

  • Fill a small bucket with lukewarm water (around 20° C) and place this as close to the treatment table as possible.
  • Ask the patient to sit at the treatment table with the arm in the position in which is to be immobilised.
  • The elbow should be at a 90° angle, and the wrist should be in slight dorsal flexion.
  • Determine the required length of stockinette (1.5 x the length of the actual plaster bandage).
  • Slide the stockinette over the arm and cut a hole for the thumb.
  • Place a layer of padding all around, and an additional layer on pressure-sensitive points.
  • Cut a hole for the thumb.
  • Partially unroll the plaster bandage and measure the length of the splint by holding it along the forearm.
  • Fold the unrolled plaster bandage into 5 to 6 layers.
  • If using pure plaster of Paris, 10 to 12 layers will be necessary.
  • Cut away a triangle for the thumb.
  • Fold the layers of plaster bandage and submerge them under water until no more air bubbles are released.
  • If the plaster bandage is held at an angle, a few seconds may be sufficient [Figure 118].

Figure 118


  • Remove the plaster bandage from the water and gently squeeze out any excess water [Figure 119].

Figure 119


  • Stretch out the plaster splint and place it along the dorsal side of the forearm and wrist.
  • Keep the metacarpal joints free [Figure 120].

Figure 120


  • Ensure that the wrist remains in dorsal flexion at an angle of 15° while moulding the plaster cast.
  • Avoid making indentations with your fingers (be mindful of the risk of pressure necrosis).
  • Apply a wet absorbent bandage all around the newly moulded plaster cast.
  • Make sure that the joint is maintained in the correct position throughout, until the plaster has hardened [Figure 121].

Figure 121


  • Inform the patient that heat will be given off during the hardening process.
  • To finish off, a cambric or crepe bandage can be applied (if required) [Figure 122].

Figure 122


  • Once the plaster cast has hardened, apply a sling or collar’n’cuff.
  • Tell the patient that it will be at least another 24 hours before the plaster is hard enough to take a knock.
  • Ask the patient to inform you immediately if the fingers on the immobilised arm turn blue or pale.
  • Instruct the patient to regularly move their fingers [Figure 123].

Figure 123


 

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