Blood Tests
Take blood by means of venous puncture to determine:
- Blood group and rhesus factor (if rhesus-negative then measure rhesus antibody titre as well and repeat this at about 30 weeks).
- Irregular erythrocyte antibodies.
- Syphilis response (TPHA Treponema-Pallidum-Haemagglutination).
- Rubella titre.
- Haemoglobin level (on indication, check for haemoglobinopathies).
- Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
- Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Urine Tests
Collect urine to test for:
- Protein.
- Glucose.
Additional laboratory tests depend on indications arising from the history-taking or the physical examination.