{"id":1722,"date":"2010-12-13T09:45:15","date_gmt":"2010-12-13T09:45:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cloverock.info\/mockosce23\/new\/specific-risk-factors\/"},"modified":"2023-08-18T11:18:32","modified_gmt":"2023-08-18T10:18:32","slug":"specific-risk-factors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qpercom.com\/sim\/index.php\/obstetrics\/subsequent-check-ups\/specific-risk-factors\/","title":{"rendered":"Specific Risk Factors"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Smoking<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Research has revealed that pregnant women who <strong>smoke<\/strong>, give birth to children with a <strong>lower birth weight<\/strong>. It seems unlikely that this is the only effect on the foetus, yet to date no other abnormalities have been proven.<br \/>\nIf a pregnant woman smokes cigarettes, she is advised to <strong>stop<\/strong>. If the woman is not capable of doing this, she should be advised to <strong>reduce the number<\/strong> <strong>of cigarettes smoked per day<\/strong>. The benefit of switching from cigarettes with a high nicotine and tar level to cigarettes with a low nicotine and tar level is questionable and is negligible if the pregnant woman then increases the number of cigarettes smoked per day.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Alcohol consumption<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The <strong>teratogenic effect<\/strong> of excessive alcohol consumption has been proven. If pregnant women drink a glass of an alcoholic beverage on an <strong>incidental basis<\/strong>, it will probably <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">not<\/span> be harmful. The boundary between harmful and non-harmful alcohol consumption is unknown. Pregnant women are therefore advised to refrain from drinking alcohol altogether.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Drug Use<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The effect of <strong>marijuana<\/strong> (<em>cannabis, hashish<\/em>) on the human embryo and foetus is uncertain. This uncertainty is, amongst other things, based on the fact that marijuana use is closely associated with alcohol, nicotine and hard drug use. <em>Intra-uterine growth retardation<\/em>, <em>congenital abnormalities<\/em> and <em>neurological abnormalities<\/em> appear to be more prevalent among marijuana users. The use of marijuana is advised against.<\/p>\n<p>The use of <strong>hard drugs<\/strong> (<em>opium derivatives, amphetamines, methadone<\/em>) is very harmful during pregnancy. These substances pass through the placenta and can cause a wide range of abnormalities in the foetus. Moreover, the child can be born addicted. The need for a mother to \u2018<em>kick the habit<\/em>\u2019 is vitally important for her health and for her role as mother and carer of the child. Pregnant women who are addicted to hard drugs should receive <strong>multidisciplinary treatment<\/strong>. The best advice would appear to be to allow the pregnancy to be monitored by a gynaecologist. The newborn will require paediatric observation\/treatment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Smoking Research has revealed that pregnant women who smoke, give birth to children with a lower birth weight. It seems unlikely that this is the only effect on the foetus, yet to date no other abnormalities have been proven. If a pregnant woman smokes cigarettes, she is advised to stop. If the woman is not [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[138],"class_list":["post-1722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-subsequent-check-ups","tag-obstetrics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Specific Risk Factors - Qpercom | Skills in Medicine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Online Mock OSCEs with examiners, patient actors, instant results and personalised feedback. Prepare for your OSCE.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.qpercom.com\/sim\/index.php\/obstetrics\/subsequent-check-ups\/specific-risk-factors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Specific Risk Factors - Qpercom | Skills in Medicine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Online Mock OSCEs with examiners, patient actors, instant results and personalised feedback. 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